{"id":315588,"date":"2023-11-16T16:34:51","date_gmt":"2023-11-16T15:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sftarticles.wpenginepowered.com\/es\/?p=315588"},"modified":"2025-06-12T18:27:55","modified_gmt":"2025-06-12T16:27:55","slug":"la-humanidad-estuvo-a-punto-de-desaparecer-en-2022-por-la-explosion-de-una-supernova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/la-humanidad-estuvo-a-punto-de-desaparecer-en-2022-por-la-explosion-de-una-supernova\/","title":{"rendered":"La humanidad estuvo a punto de desaparecer en 2022 por la explosi\u00f3n de una supernova"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Seg\u00fan nos acabamos de enterar, en octubre de 2022 la humanidad pudo haber tenido una peque\u00f1a muestra de qu\u00e9 supone un desastre c\u00f3smico de proporciones \u00e9picas. <strong>Por suerte seguimos aqu\u00ed, as\u00ed que todo sali\u00f3 bien<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"sc-card-program\">\r\n  <div class=\"sc-card-program__body\">\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row clearfix\">\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-logo\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"sc-card-program__img\" src=\"https:\/\/images.sftcdn.net\/images\/t_app-icon-s\/p\/2cddcc48-a4d6-11e6-88af-00163ec9f5fa\/3678680588\/nasa-app-logo\" alt=\"NASA App\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\">\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-title\">\r\n        <span class=\"sc-card-program__title\">NASA App<\/span>\r\n        <a class=\"sc-card-program__button sc-card-program-internal\" href=\"https:\/\/nasa-app.softonic.com\/android\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">DESCARGAR<\/a>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-rating\">\r\n        <svg class=\"rating-score__content\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.1\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" viewbox=\"0 0 50 50\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 50 50\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><path class=\"rating-score__background rating-score--good\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"6\" stroke-miterlimit=\"10\" d=\"M40 40c8.3-8.3 8.3-21.7 0-30s-21.7-8.3-30 0 -8.3 21.7 0 30\"><\/path><path class=\"rating-score__value rating-score__value--0\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"6\" stroke-dashoffset=\"0\" stroke-miterlimit=\"10\" d=\"M40 40c8.3-8.3 8.3-21.7 0-30s-21.7-8.3-30 0 -8.3 21.7 0 30\"><\/path><text class=\"rating-score__number\" content=\"\" text-anchor=\"middle\" transform=\"matrix(1 0 0 1 25 31.0837)\" data-auto=\"app-user-score\"><\/text><\/svg>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row\">\r\n      <span class=\"sc-card-program__description\"><\/span>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"sc-card-program__bigpic\" src=\"\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\">\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <a class=\"sc-card-program__link track-link sc-card-program-internal\" href=\"https:\/\/nasa-app.softonic.com\/android\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Una poderosa supernova situada a unos 1.900 millones de a\u00f1os luz sacudi\u00f3 el universo<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.softonic.com\/articulos\/la-tierra-se-ha-comido-un-rayo-cosmico-proveniente-de-miles-de-millones-de-anos-luz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"enviando una enorme r\u00e1faga de rayos gamma que azot\u00f3 nuestro humilde planeta\">enviando una enorme r\u00e1faga de rayos gamma que azot\u00f3 nuestro humilde planeta<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En su momento, <strong>los astr\u00f3nomos bautizaron la erupci\u00f3n como &#8220;BOAT&#8221;, que significa &#8220;la m\u00e1s brillante de todos los tiempos&#8221;<\/strong>, en una clara referencia al mundo deportivo (como el &#8220;GOAT&#8221;).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Brightest gamma-ray explosion of all time scrambled Earth&#39;s upper atmosphere <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/lF7ODGcLSx\">https:\/\/t.co\/lF7ODGcLSx<\/a><\/p>&mdash; Live Science (@LiveScience) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/LiveScience\/status\/1725107008708215163?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">November 16, 2023<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Una explosi\u00f3n que ocurre cada 10.000 a\u00f1os<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Se trat\u00f3 de un acontecimiento extremadamente raro, ya que los cient\u00edficos estiman que solo se produce una vez cada 10.000 a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ahora, los cient\u00edficos han analizado los datos y han descubierto que el estallido de rayos gamma (GRB) fue tan potente que se llev\u00f3 un trozo de la atm\u00f3sfera superior de la Tierra, informa el New York Times.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;Pietro Ubertini, astr\u00f3nomo del Instituto Nacional de Astrof\u00edsica de Roma y coautor de un nuevo art\u00edculo publicado en la revista Nature, explica al peri\u00f3dico: &#8220;El ozono se agot\u00f3 parcialmente, se destruy\u00f3 temporalmente&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Afortunadamente, la capa de ozono, una capa de la estratosfera de la Tierra que la protege de la da\u00f1ina radiaci\u00f3n ultravioleta<\/strong>, se repar\u00f3 por s\u00ed sola en cuesti\u00f3n de minutos, lo que significa que no fue &#8220;nada grave&#8221;, seg\u00fan Ubertini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"What caused the Brightest Explosion in the Universe?\" width=\"840\" height=\"473\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/BuNQHztGe5A?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pero si la supernova que desencaden\u00f3 el estallido hubiera estado m\u00e1s cerca, dijo, &#8220;ser\u00eda una cat\u00e1strofe&#8221;.<strong> Los GRB son los tipos de explosiones m\u00e1s potentes del universo conocido<\/strong>, lo bastante intensos como para tener efectos considerables incluso a grandes distancias interestelares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mediante simulaciones, <strong>los cient\u00edficos han llegado a la conclusi\u00f3n de que un GRB en nuestra galaxia podr\u00eda aniquilar por completo la capa de ozono<\/strong> de nuestro planeta durante a\u00f1os, desencadenando una extinci\u00f3n devastadora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Esta \u00faltima investigaci\u00f3n demuestra por primera vez que las supernovas lejanas pueden destruir los electrones de la ionosfera, <strong>una parte de la atm\u00f3sfera superior de la Tierra situada entre 80 y 400 kil\u00f3metros por encima de la superficie<\/strong>, eliminando la capacidad de las mol\u00e9culas de nitr\u00f3geno restantes para absorber la radiaci\u00f3n ultravioleta del Sol, potencialmente da\u00f1ina.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"sc-card-program\">\r\n  <div class=\"sc-card-program__body\">\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row clearfix\">\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-logo\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"sc-card-program__img\" src=\"https:\/\/images.sftcdn.net\/images\/t_app-icon-s\/p\/2cddcc48-a4d6-11e6-88af-00163ec9f5fa\/3678680588\/nasa-app-logo\" alt=\"NASA App\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\">\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-title\">\r\n        <span class=\"sc-card-program__title\">NASA App<\/span>\r\n        <a class=\"sc-card-program__button sc-card-program-internal\" href=\"https:\/\/nasa-app.softonic.com\/android\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">DESCARGAR<\/a>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-rating\">\r\n        <svg class=\"rating-score__content\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.1\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" viewbox=\"0 0 50 50\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 50 50\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><path class=\"rating-score__background rating-score--good\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"6\" stroke-miterlimit=\"10\" d=\"M40 40c8.3-8.3 8.3-21.7 0-30s-21.7-8.3-30 0 -8.3 21.7 0 30\"><\/path><path class=\"rating-score__value rating-score__value--0\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"6\" stroke-dashoffset=\"0\" stroke-miterlimit=\"10\" d=\"M40 40c8.3-8.3 8.3-21.7 0-30s-21.7-8.3-30 0 -8.3 21.7 0 30\"><\/path><text class=\"rating-score__number\" content=\"\" text-anchor=\"middle\" transform=\"matrix(1 0 0 1 25 31.0837)\" data-auto=\"app-user-score\"><\/text><\/svg>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row\">\r\n      <span class=\"sc-card-program__description\"><\/span>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"sc-card-program__bigpic\" src=\"\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\">\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <a class=\"sc-card-program__link track-link sc-card-program-internal\" href=\"https:\/\/nasa-app.softonic.com\/android\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Afortunadamente, las probabilidades de que se produzca una explosi\u00f3n c\u00f3smica catastr\u00f3fica que acabe con la capa de ozono durante periodos prolongados <strong>siguen siendo escasas.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Despu\u00e9s de todo, <strong>el GRB que sacudi\u00f3 el mundo el a\u00f1o pasado fue probablemente el m\u00e1s brillante que se ha producido <\/strong>&#8220;desde que comenz\u00f3 la civilizaci\u00f3n humana&#8221;, como explic\u00f3 Eric Burns, profesor adjunto de f\u00edsica y astronom\u00eda de la Universidad Estatal de Luisiana, en un comunicado de prensa de marzo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Las supernovas lejanas pueden destruir los electrones de la ionosfera, una parte de la atm\u00f3sfera superior de la Tierra situada entre 80 y 400 km&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9265,"featured_media":315589,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","wpcf-pageviews":2},"categories":[9317],"tags":[11098],"usertag":[],"vertical":[],"content-category":[],"class_list":["post-315588","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-app-subdomain-redirectionnasa-app"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/315588","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9265"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=315588"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/315588\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":359973,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/315588\/revisions\/359973"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/315589"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=315588"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=315588"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=315588"},{"taxonomy":"usertag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/usertag?post=315588"},{"taxonomy":"vertical","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vertical?post=315588"},{"taxonomy":"content-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content-category?post=315588"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}