{"id":327251,"date":"2024-03-05T12:46:16","date_gmt":"2024-03-05T11:46:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sftarticles.wpenginepowered.com\/es\/?p=327251"},"modified":"2024-08-10T18:57:50","modified_gmt":"2024-08-10T16:57:50","slug":"el-telescopio-james-webb-ha-descubierto-las-estrellas-originales-del-universo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/es\/el-telescopio-james-webb-ha-descubierto-las-estrellas-originales-del-universo\/","title":{"rendered":"El telescopio James Webb ha descubierto las estrellas originales del universo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Seguramente no hayas pensado nunca en <a href=\"https:\/\/www.softonic.com\/articulos\/todo-lo-que-sabemos-del-universo-podria-cambiar-para-siempre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"las primeras estrellas despu\u00e9s del Big Bang\">las primeras estrellas despu\u00e9s del Big Bang<\/a>, a no ser que seas astr\u00f3nomo y ese sea tu trabajo. Pese a ello, ahora que has le\u00eddo el titular, seguro que te ha surgido la duda: <strong>\u00bfc\u00f3mo eran y de qu\u00e9 estaban compuestas esas primeras estrellas?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"sc-card-program\">\r\n  <div class=\"sc-card-program__body\">\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row clearfix\">\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-logo\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"sc-card-program__img\" src=\"https:\/\/images.sftcdn.net\/images\/t_app-icon-s\/p\/2cddcc48-a4d6-11e6-88af-00163ec9f5fa\/3678680588\/nasa-app-logo\" alt=\"NASA App\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\">\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-title\">\r\n        <span class=\"sc-card-program__title\">NASA App<\/span>\r\n        <a class=\"sc-card-program__button sc-card-program-internal\" href=\"https:\/\/nasa-app.softonic.com\/android\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">DESCARGAR<\/a>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-rating\">\r\n        <svg class=\"rating-score__content\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.1\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" viewbox=\"0 0 50 50\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 50 50\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><path class=\"rating-score__background rating-score--good\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"6\" stroke-miterlimit=\"10\" d=\"M40 40c8.3-8.3 8.3-21.7 0-30s-21.7-8.3-30 0 -8.3 21.7 0 30\"><\/path><path class=\"rating-score__value rating-score__value--0\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"6\" stroke-dashoffset=\"0\" stroke-miterlimit=\"10\" d=\"M40 40c8.3-8.3 8.3-21.7 0-30s-21.7-8.3-30 0 -8.3 21.7 0 30\"><\/path><text class=\"rating-score__number\" content=\"\" text-anchor=\"middle\" transform=\"matrix(1 0 0 1 25 31.0837)\" data-auto=\"app-user-score\"><\/text><\/svg>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row\">\r\n      <span class=\"sc-card-program__description\"><\/span>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"sc-card-program__bigpic\" src=\"\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\">\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <a class=\"sc-card-program__link track-link sc-card-program-internal\" href=\"https:\/\/nasa-app.softonic.com\/android\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dado que <strong>se cree que la mayor\u00eda de los metales del universo proceden de estrellas muertas que explotaron<\/strong>, los cient\u00edficos han racionalizado que las primog\u00e9nitas deb\u00edan estar compuestas casi en su totalidad de hidr\u00f3geno y helio, el material primitivo que surgi\u00f3 del Big Bang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El caso es que nadie ha visto a\u00fan una de estas estrellas puras. Pero un equipo que utiliza <a href=\"https:\/\/www.softonic.com\/articulos\/el-telescopio-james-webb-ha-descubierto-algo-que-jamas-habiamos-visto-antes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"el telescopio espacial James Webb, fruto de la colaboraci\u00f3n entre la NASA y las agencias espaciales europea y canadiense\">el telescopio espacial James Webb, fruto de la colaboraci\u00f3n entre la NASA y las agencias espaciales europea y canadiense<\/a>, podr\u00eda tener algo entre manos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Webb may have found evidence for the long-theorized first generation of stars \u2014 as well as the most distant active supermassive black hole to date. GN-z11, a galaxy that existed 430 million years after the big bang, is giving up its secrets: <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/0m659P21vT\">https:\/\/t.co\/0m659P21vT<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/eRoPG5iB3l\">pic.twitter.com\/eRoPG5iB3l<\/a><\/p>&mdash; NASA Webb Telescope (@NASAWebb) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/NASAWebb\/status\/1764673062220312657?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 4, 2024<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfHemos podido observar las primeras estrellas del universo?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mientras estudiaban recientemente <strong>la galaxia GN-z11, que exist\u00eda cuando el universo de 13.800 millones de a\u00f1os solo ten\u00eda unos 430 millones de a\u00f1os<\/strong>, hallaron un grupo de helio en el halo que la rodea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La nueva investigaci\u00f3n, aceptada para su publicaci\u00f3n por la revista cient\u00edfica Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics, podr\u00eda conducir a uno de los descubrimientos m\u00e1s importantes de la astrof\u00edsica moderna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En teor\u00eda, los cient\u00edficos esperaban encontrar aglomeraciones como esta alrededor de galaxias masivas de \u00e9pocas tempranas. La idea es que estas bolsas de gas pr\u00edstinas podr\u00edan colapsar y formar los llamados c\u00famulos estelares de Poblaci\u00f3n III.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"IT Happened! James Webb Space Telescope Finally Found the First Stars in the Universe!\" width=\"840\" height=\"473\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0IWBnNKfUJM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Las estrellas de la Poblaci\u00f3n III son las estrellas que, seg\u00fan las teor\u00edas, deber\u00edan haberse formado en el universo primitivo antes de que existieran los metales, t\u00e9rmino astron\u00f3mico que designa todos los elementos m\u00e1s pesados que el helio. Se cree que estas estrellas son muy masivas, luminosas y calientes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>La raz\u00f3n por la que se denominan &#8220;Poblaci\u00f3n III&#8221; es que, en la d\u00e9cada de 1940, las estrellas se divid\u00edan en dos categor\u00edas principales<\/strong>: las ricas en metales y las pobres en metales, seg\u00fan la Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Swinburne (Australia). Pero incluso estas \u00faltimas tienen mucho m\u00e1s contenido met\u00e1lico de lo que habr\u00eda sido posible a partir del gas primitivo sobrante del Big Bang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al final, los astr\u00f3nomos empezaron a pensar en una tercera poblaci\u00f3n de estrellas a\u00fan por ver, <strong>formada por el material puro del Big Bang que no hab\u00eda sido procesado por las generaciones anteriores de estrellas.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Observers using Webb also discovered a pocket of pristine gas in the galaxy\u2019s halo. Theory and models both suggest that clumps of helium like these may collapse to form Population III stars, the first generation of stars in the early universe. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/scHDCKEkbM\">pic.twitter.com\/scHDCKEkbM<\/a><\/p>&mdash; NASA Webb Telescope (@NASAWebb) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/NASAWebb\/status\/1764673080486490501?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 4, 2024<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Los n\u00facleos de las estrellas se consideran f\u00e1bricas de elementos: Fabrican carbono, por ejemplo, la misma sustancia qu\u00edmica en la que se basan los seres humanos y gran parte de la vida en la Tierra. Despu\u00e9s, mediante explosiones de supernovas, esparcen por el espacio interestelar elementos pesados como el calcio de los huesos y el hierro de la sangre. Esta dispersi\u00f3n da lugar a nuevas generaciones de estrellas y planetas, pero los cient\u00edficos admiten que a\u00fan les queda mucho por aprender sobre las primeras etapas del proceso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>En astronom\u00eda, mirar m\u00e1s lejos se traduce en observar el pasado, porque la luz y otras formas de radiaci\u00f3n tardan m\u00e1s en llegar hasta nosotros<\/strong>. El James Webb se construy\u00f3 para estudiar un periodo extremadamente temprano del cosmos, detectando luz invisible en longitudes de onda infrarrojas.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"sc-card-program\">\r\n  <div class=\"sc-card-program__body\">\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row clearfix\">\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-logo\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"sc-card-program__img\" src=\"https:\/\/images.sftcdn.net\/images\/t_app-icon-s\/p\/2cddcc48-a4d6-11e6-88af-00163ec9f5fa\/3678680588\/nasa-app-logo\" alt=\"NASA App\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\">\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-title\">\r\n        <span class=\"sc-card-program__title\">NASA App<\/span>\r\n        <a class=\"sc-card-program__button sc-card-program-internal\" href=\"https:\/\/nasa-app.softonic.com\/android\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">DESCARGAR<\/a>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-rating\">\r\n        <svg class=\"rating-score__content\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.1\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" viewbox=\"0 0 50 50\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 50 50\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><path class=\"rating-score__background rating-score--good\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"6\" stroke-miterlimit=\"10\" d=\"M40 40c8.3-8.3 8.3-21.7 0-30s-21.7-8.3-30 0 -8.3 21.7 0 30\"><\/path><path class=\"rating-score__value rating-score__value--0\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"6\" stroke-dashoffset=\"0\" stroke-miterlimit=\"10\" d=\"M40 40c8.3-8.3 8.3-21.7 0-30s-21.7-8.3-30 0 -8.3 21.7 0 30\"><\/path><text class=\"rating-score__number\" content=\"\" text-anchor=\"middle\" transform=\"matrix(1 0 0 1 25 31.0837)\" data-auto=\"app-user-score\"><\/text><\/svg>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row\">\r\n      <span class=\"sc-card-program__description\"><\/span>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"sc-card-program__bigpic\" src=\"\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\">\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <a class=\"sc-card-program__link track-link sc-card-program-internal\" href=\"https:\/\/nasa-app.softonic.com\/android\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En pocas palabras, una gran cantidad de polvo y gas en el espacio oscurece la visi\u00f3n a fuentes de luz extremadamente distantes e inherentemente tenues, pero las ondas infrarrojas pueden penetrar a trav\u00e9s de las nubes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En astronom\u00eda, mirar m\u00e1s lejos se traduce en observar el pasado, porque la luz y otras formas de radiaci\u00f3n tardan m\u00e1s en llegar hasta nosotros.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9265,"featured_media":327252,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","wpcf-pageviews":1},"categories":[9317],"tags":[11098],"usertag":[],"vertical":[],"content-category":[],"class_list":["post-327251","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-app-subdomain-redirectionnasa-app"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En astronom\u00eda, mirar m\u00e1s lejos se traduce en observar el pasado, porque la luz y otras formas de radiaci\u00f3n tardan m\u00e1s en llegar hasta nosotros.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, nofollow, max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Chema Carvajal Sarabia\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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