{"id":141439,"date":"2024-07-15T15:50:27","date_gmt":"2024-07-15T13:50:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sftarticles.wpenginepowered.com\/es\/?p=336014"},"modified":"2025-06-12T10:52:06","modified_gmt":"2025-06-12T09:52:06","slug":"un-ancien-employe-dopenai-critique-severement-lentreprise-et-la-compare-a-celle-qui-a-construit-le-titanic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/un-ancien-employe-dopenai-critique-severement-lentreprise-et-la-compare-a-celle-qui-a-construit-le-titanic\/","title":{"rendered":"Un ancien employ\u00e9 d&#8217;OpenAI critique s\u00e9v\u00e8rement l&#8217;entreprise et la compare \u00e0 celle qui a construit le Titanic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>William Saunders<\/strong>, un ancien employ\u00e9 de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 d&#8217;<strong>OpenAI<\/strong>, a compar\u00e9 l&#8217;entreprise d&#8217;IA \u00e0 la <strong>White Star Line<\/strong>, la compagnie qui a construit le Titanic. Saunders, qui a travaill\u00e9 trois ans dans l&#8217;\u00e9quipe de superalignement d&#8217;OpenAI, a expliqu\u00e9 dans une <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=dzQlRt3y5mU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" title=\"\">r\u00e9cente interview<\/a> qu&#8217;il a d\u00e9missionn\u00e9 parce qu&#8217;il ne voulait pas \u00ab finir par travailler pour le Titanic de l&#8217;IA \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"sc-card-program\">\r\n  <div class=\"sc-card-program__body\">\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row clearfix\">\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-logo\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"sc-card-program__img\" src=\"https:\/\/images.sftcdn.net\/images\/t_app-icon-s\/p\/47ef1772-2a82-4750-b97a-354b13dbd112\/3647786732\/chatgpt-ChatGPT-icon.png\" alt=\"ChatGPT\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\">\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-title\">\r\n        <span class=\"sc-card-program__title\">ChatGPT<\/span>\r\n        <a class=\"sc-card-program__button sc-card-program-internal\" href=\"https:\/\/chatgpt.fr.softonic.com\/iphone\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">T\u00c9L\u00c9CHARGER<\/a>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-rating\">\r\n        \r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row\">\r\n      <span class=\"sc-card-program__description\"><\/span>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"sc-card-program__bigpic\" src=\"\">\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <a class=\"sc-card-program__link track-link sc-card-program-internal\" href=\"https:\/\/chatgpt.fr.softonic.com\/iphone\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pendant son temps chez OpenAI, Saunders se demandait si l&#8217;entreprise ressemblait plus au <strong>programme Apollo de la NASA<\/strong> ou au Titanic. Ses inqui\u00e9tudes portaient sur le plan d&#8217;OpenAI d&#8217;atteindre l&#8217;<strong>Intelligence Artificielle G\u00e9n\u00e9rale (AGI)<\/strong> tout en lan\u00e7ant des produits payants. Selon Saunders, l&#8217;entreprise privil\u00e9gie la cr\u00e9ation de nouveaux \u00ab produits brillants \u00bb, au lieu de se concentrer sur la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et l&#8217;\u00e9valuation des risques, contrairement \u00e0 ce qu&#8217;a fait le programme Apollo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Saunders a soulign\u00e9 que le programme Apollo se caract\u00e9risait par la <strong>pr\u00e9vision et l&#8217;\u00e9valuation minutieuse des risques<\/strong>, en maintenant \u00ab suffisamment de redondance \u00bb pour s&#8217;adapter aux probl\u00e8mes graves, comme ce fut le cas avec Apollo 13. En revanche, la White Star Line a construit le Titanic avec des compartiments \u00e9tanches et l&#8217;a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme insubmersible, mais <strong>n&#8217;a pas fourni suffisamment de canots de sauvetage<\/strong>, ce qui a conduit \u00e0 la trag\u00e9die bien connue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&#8217;ancien employ\u00e9 d&#8217;OpenAI craint que l&#8217;entreprise ne fasse trop confiance \u00e0 ses mesures de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 actuelles (et suppos\u00e9ment insuffisantes), et a sugg\u00e9r\u00e9 qu&#8217;<strong>OpenAI devrait retarder le lancement de nouveaux mod\u00e8les d&#8217;IA pour \u00e9tudier les dommages potentiels.<\/strong> Saunders, qui dirigeait un groupe charg\u00e9 de comprendre les comportements des mod\u00e8les linguistiques d&#8217;IA, a exprim\u00e9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de d\u00e9velopper des techniques pour \u00e9valuer si ces syst\u00e8mes \u00ab dissimulent des capacit\u00e9s ou des motivations \u00bb dangereuses.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/articles-img.sftcdn.net\/sft\/articles\/auto-mapping-folder\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/super-inteligencia-artificial-1024x572.jpg\" alt=\"super intelligence artificielle\" class=\"wp-image-309741\" style=\"width:630px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Saunders a \u00e9galement exprim\u00e9 sa d\u00e9ception quant aux actions d&#8217;OpenAI jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent. En f\u00e9vrier, il a quitt\u00e9 l&#8217;entreprise et en mai, <strong>OpenAI a dissous l&#8217;\u00e9quipe de superalignement<\/strong>, peu de temps apr\u00e8s avoir lanc\u00e9 <strong>GPT-4<\/strong>, son mod\u00e8le d&#8217;IA le plus avanc\u00e9. La r\u00e9ponse d&#8217;OpenAI aux pr\u00e9occupations de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et son rythme de d\u00e9veloppement acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 <strong>critiqu\u00e9s par plusieurs employ\u00e9s et experts<\/strong>, qui mettent en garde contre la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d&#8217;un plus grand contr\u00f4le gouvernemental pour pr\u00e9venir de futures catastrophes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00e9but juin, un groupe d&#8217;employ\u00e9s de <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.softonic.com\/articulos\/google-fusiona-divisiones-ia-deepmind-brain-se-convierten-google-deepmind\">DeepMind<\/a><\/strong> et OpenAI a publi\u00e9 une <a href=\"https:\/\/righttowarn.ai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" title=\"\">lettre ouverte<\/a>, soulignant que les r\u00e9glementations de supervision actuelles sont <strong>insuffisantes pour \u00e9viter une catastrophe pour l&#8217;humanit\u00e9<\/strong>. De plus, <strong>Ilya Sutskever<\/strong>, cofondateur d&#8217;OpenAI et ancien directeur scientifique, a d\u00e9missionn\u00e9 pour fonder <strong>Safe Superintelligence<\/strong>, une startup qui se concentrera sur la recherche en IA avec une priorit\u00e9 sur la s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"sc-card-program\">\r\n  <div class=\"sc-card-program__body\">\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row clearfix\">\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-logo\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"sc-card-program__img\" src=\"https:\/\/images.sftcdn.net\/images\/t_app-icon-s\/p\/47ef1772-2a82-4750-b97a-354b13dbd112\/3647786732\/chatgpt-ChatGPT-icon.png\" alt=\"ChatGPT\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\">\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-title\">\r\n        <span class=\"sc-card-program__title\">ChatGPT<\/span>\r\n        <a class=\"sc-card-program__button sc-card-program-internal\" href=\"https:\/\/chatgpt.fr.softonic.com\/iphone\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">T\u00c9L\u00c9CHARGER<\/a>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n      <div class=\"sc-card-program__col-rating\">\r\n        \r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row\">\r\n      <span class=\"sc-card-program__description\"><\/span>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"sc-card-program__row\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"sc-card-program__bigpic\" src=\"\">\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <a class=\"sc-card-program__link track-link sc-card-program-internal\" href=\"https:\/\/chatgpt.fr.softonic.com\/iphone\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>William Saunders, un ancien employ\u00e9 de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 d&#8217;OpenAI, a compar\u00e9 l&#8217;entreprise d&#8217;IA \u00e0 la White Star Line, la compagnie qui a construit le Titanic. Saunders, qui a travaill\u00e9 trois ans dans l&#8217;\u00e9quipe de superalignement d&#8217;OpenAI, a expliqu\u00e9 dans une r\u00e9cente interview qu&#8217;il a d\u00e9missionn\u00e9 parce qu&#8217;il ne voulait pas \u00ab finir par travailler pour &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/un-ancien-employe-dopenai-critique-severement-lentreprise-et-la-compare-a-celle-qui-a-construit-le-titanic\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Un ancien employ\u00e9 d&#8217;OpenAI critique s\u00e9v\u00e8rement l&#8217;entreprise et la compare \u00e0 celle qui a construit le Titanic&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9256,"featured_media":141441,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","wpcf-pageviews":13},"categories":[16761],"tags":[17052],"usertag":[],"vertical":[],"content-category":[],"class_list":["post-141439","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-app-subdomain-redirectionchatgpt"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141439","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9256"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=141439"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141439\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":160874,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141439\/revisions\/160874"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/141441"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=141439"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=141439"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=141439"},{"taxonomy":"usertag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/usertag?post=141439"},{"taxonomy":"vertical","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vertical?post=141439"},{"taxonomy":"content-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cms-articles.softonic.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/content-category?post=141439"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}